Acid reflux is a common experience — most of us have felt a burning sensation in the chest after a late-night supper of prata, spicy laksa, or bubble tea just before bed. But when does it cross the line from an occasional annoyance into a medical condition called GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)?
Understanding the difference is important, especially in Singapore, where dietary habits and lifestyle factors can play a big role in digestive health.
What is Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux happens when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, causing symptoms such as:
Heartburn (a burning sensation in the chest or throat)
Regurgitation (sour or bitter liquid coming up)
Bloating or burping
It usually occurs after large meals, spicy or oily foods, caffeine, or lying down too soon after eating. For most people, acid reflux is occasional and short-lived.
What is GERD?
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) is a chronic and more severe form of acid reflux. If you experience reflux symptoms two or more times a week, or if your symptoms affect your sleep and daily life, it may be GERD.
Common signs include:
Frequent or persistent heartburn
Difficulty swallowing or sensation of food stuck in the throat
Chronic cough or hoarseness
Chest discomfort unrelated to the heart
Over time, untreated GERD can lead to complications such as oesophageal inflammation or narrowing, so early recognition is important.
Why Singaporeans Should Pay Attention
Certain local lifestyle factors increase reflux risk:
Late-night suppers – common in Singapore’s food culture
Hawker favourites high in oil, spice, and acidity
Stressful work schedules leading to irregular meals
Higher prevalence of gastric conditions in Asian populations
This makes it especially important for people here to recognise when acid reflux might actually be GERD.
When to See a Doctor
You should seek medical advice if you:
Experience reflux symptoms two or more times per week
Have symptoms that disturb your sleep or work
Notice difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss, or chest pain
Doctors can recommend lifestyle changes, prescribe medications, or order further tests if necessary.
Managing Acid Reflux and GERD
Some general tips that may help reduce reflux include:
Avoid lying down immediately after meals (wait at least 2–3 hours)
Eat smaller, more frequent meals instead of heavy portions
Cut back on spicy, oily, and acidic foods
Limit caffeine, alcohol, and carbonated drinks
Elevate your head slightly when sleeping
Maintain a healthy weight
While occasional acid reflux is common and often harmless, persistent reflux may indicate GERD and should not be ignored. If you experience frequent or severe symptoms, consulting a doctor in Singapore can help you get the right diagnosis and relief.
